But this rejection, though understandable – is, as Annette Baier argues the result male liberal philosophers’ exclusion of care in their theorizing. The other decides not to turn in the proctor on the basis this may not be the best way of handling the situation as this may not address the root cause of the drinking in the first place and in fact, might make the situation worse particularly if the individual is drinking out of depression. The latter approach exemplifies the ethic care in that it is compassionate, empathetic and does not confine itself to the legalistic rigidities found in ethic of justice thinking as it seeks to lay out the options as opposed to just applying universal principles.įeminist supporters of the Gillian’s argument such as Joan Tronto highlight that the reason for most feminist rejections of the ethic of care argument is that lends itself to the enhancing the principality of care in women’s lives, something that feminism had to move away from and reject. The first student comes to the conclusion of not reporting by questioning whether or not the school has the right to ban alcohol consumption and whether this is in fact just. Both decide not to report but each for differing reasons. As a result, when females did not match or fit into the male constructs of moral development it was concluded that females developed less moral aptitudes than males which was disquieting to say the least.Īn example given by Gilligan to emphasise the supposed difference between the ethic of care and ethic of justice is the hypothetical situation in which two medical students decide not to report the proctor for violating the school rules in consuming alcohol. Among some of the differences Gilligan highlights as being excluded by Piaget are tolerance, a greater tendency towards innovation, greater willingness to make exceptions and a lesser concern for legal elaboration. These are by no means morally deficient characteristics – but since they did not fit right the contemporary moral philosophy of the day they were often overlooked. For example, even when Piaget observes a clear difference in ‘both the structure of girl’s games and the actual mentality of little girls’ these are conveniently ignored. And I can't help but think it's better to discuss and criticise this stuff than to simply avoid it, since avoidance simply won't work as a life-long strategy.Learn more about Lying, Misleading, and What is Said at the Oxford University Press website.Also, in response to the earlier work of Piaget, (which did make use of a female sample but only to assess the generality of his findings), Gilligan again identifies the same dismissive trend of perceived female insignificance as in the later work of Kohlberg. I actually enjoy discussing these issues with him, as he's very critical and reflective. Lots of other lefty parents avoid these like the plague for their appalling gender, race and class attitudes. As an American ex-pat mother of a child born and raised in the UK, it's a new discovery. He also has a love of Enid Blyton, a very familiar children's writer for the British, but totally unknown to Americans. Watching his reaction makes it clear there's a reason these have stood the test of time. He has a taste for the oldies, the really oldies, so it's been (simplified versions of) the Odyssey and Gilgamesh. Most of the book reading I do these days is reading aloud to my 7-year-old son.
Her reply to my recent query about what she has been reading: Sadly, being Head of Department doesn't leave me much time at all to read books.
Saul's new book is Lying, Misleading, and What is Said: An Exploration in Philosophy of Language and in Ethics. She is Director of the Implicit Bias and Philosophy Research Network.
Her books include Simple Sentences, Substitution, and Intuitions and Feminism: Issues and Arguments. And she likes nothing better than an excuse to discuss political scandals in great detail. She is especially interested in finding ways that philosophical debates (like that over what is said) connect up with real-world concerns (like lying and misleading). She works in Philosophy of Language, Feminist Philosophy and Philosophy of Psychology. Jennifer Saul is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Sheffield.
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